TABLE OF CONTENTS
Content Page
Title Page i
Certification ii
Dedication iii
Acknowledgements iv
Abstract v
Table of Contents vi
List of Tables ix
List of Figures xi
List of Appendices xiii
CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background to the Study 1
1, 2 Statement of the Problem 3
1.3 Objective of the Study 4
1.4 Research Questions 5
1.5 Hypotheses 5
1.5 Scope of the Study 6
1.7 Significance of the Study 6
1.8 Operational Definition of Terms 7
1.9 Organization of the Study 8
CHAPTER TWO: REVIEW OF LITERATURE
2.0 Introduction 10
2.1 Conceptual Analysis 10
2.2 Information and Communication Technology (ICT) 10
2.3Local Government Administration 14
2.4ICT and LG Administration in Nigeria: The NEXUS 17
2.4.1 ICT as A Tool for Effective LG Administration
2.4.2 ICT as Tool for Transparency and Accountability in LG Administration In
Nigeria 24
2.4.3 ICT to LG in Other Countries of the World 25
2.5 National ICT Policy 28
2.5.1 The Impact of Nigerian National Policy for ICT on LG Administration 30
2.6 Lagos State ICT Policy 32
2.6.1 Lagos State Govt ICT Policy and LG Administration 34
2.7 Theoretical Framework 38
2.7.1 Socio-Technical Theory 38
CHAPTER THREE: METHODOLOGY
3.0 Introduction 40
3.1 Research Design 40
3.2 Population 40
3.3 Sample size and sampling Technique 40
3.4 Sources of Data 41
3.5 Instrumentation 44
3.5 Reliability and Validity of Instrument 46
3.6 Method of Data Collection 46
3.7 Method of Data Analysis 46
CHAPTER FOUR: DATA ANALYSIS, RESULTS
AND DISCUSSION OF FINDINGS
4.0 Introduction 48
4.1 Classification and Characteristics of Respondents 48
4.2 Presentation and Analysis of Data According to Research Questions 54
4.3 Data Presentation And Analysis According to Test of Hypotheses 74
4.3.1 Testing of Hypothesis One 75
4.3.2 Testing of Hypothesis Two 77
4.3.3 Testing of Hypothesis Three 78
4.4 Discussion of Findings 79
CHAPTER FIVE: SUMMARY, CONCLUSION
AND RECOMMENDATIONS
5.0 Introduction 87
5.1 Summary 87
5.2 Conclusion 88
5.3 Recommendations 89
5.4 Suggestion for Further Studies 90
Content Page
References 91
Appendices 99
LIST OF TABLES
Table Page
2,6.1 Lagos State Government ICT Policy 33
3,4.1 Ikeja Local Government 41
3.4.2 Alimosho Local Government 42
3.4.3 Oshodi-Isolo Local Government 42
3.4.4 Ojo Local Government 43
3.4.5 Amuwo-Odofin Local Government 43
3.4.6 Badagry Local Government 44
4.1 Classification and Characteristics of Respondents
1 Respondents by Gender Distribution 48
2 Respondents by Age Distribution 49
3 Respondents by Marital Status 50
4 Respondents by educational Background 51
5 Respondents by Years of Employment 52
6 ICT has Help in Quick Transmission of Information in LG Admin 54
7 Modern Security Devices Increases Employees Performance in LG 55
8 Electronically Documentation of Reports and Information has Help in
Easy Access, Retrieve and Dissemination of Information in LG 56
9 ICT has Help to Reduce Overhead Cost of Operation in LG Admin 57
10 Civil Service can Work More Due to Utilization of Computer in the LG 58
11 ICT has not Aided LG in Revenue Generation 59
12 Internet Facilities has Help in Quick and Better Service Delivery 60
13 Issuing of Receipts and Processing of Document Electronically is
Prompt and Effective 61
Table Page
14 Administrative Sluggishness and Excessive Bureaucracy are Reduced
Through the Use of e-Administrative 62
15 Customers Crowd in the Office has Decreased due to ICT 63
16 Service Provided is Prompt and Effective to the use of Internet
Facilities 64
17 e-Payment has Helped in Reducing Fraud and Ensuring Transparency
and Accountability 65
18 Receipts and Payments are done Electronically 66
19 Easy Access to Government Information by the Populace has helped
in Ensuring Accountability and Transparency in the LG 67
20 Introduction of ICT has reduce Ghost Workers in the LG 68
21 e-Governance has Helped to ensure Fairness and Accountability in LG 69
22 Internal Revenue Generation Before the Adoption of ICT in Lagos State 70
23 Staff Strength of the Six LGAs Before and After the Adoption of ICT 72
4.3.1 Testing Of Hypotheses
1 Chi Square Extract 75
2 Pearson Moment Correlation Extract 77
3 Chi Square Extract 78
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure Page
1 Bar Chart Depicting Respondent Gender Distribution 49
2 Bar Chart Depicting Respondents Age Distribution 50
3 Bar Chart Depicting Respondents by Marital Status 51
4 Bar Chart Depicting Respondents by Educational Background 52
5 Bar Chart Depicting Respondents Length of Service 53
6 Bar Chart Depicting ICT and Transmission of Information in Local
Government 54
7 Bar Chart Showing Modern Security devices increases employee
performance in local government 55
8 Bar Chart Depicting Effectiveness of Electronic documentation in
access, retrieve and dissemination of information at the local government level 57
9 Bar chart Depicting ICTs in reducing overhead cost in Local
government Administration 58
10 Bar Chart Depicting Civil Service and the utilization of ICT 59
11 Bar Chart Depicting ICT and Local government in Revenue generation 60
12 Bar Chart Depicting Internet facilities has helped in quick and better service
Delivery 61
13 Bar Chart Depicting issuing of Receipts and Processing of documents
electronically is prompt and effective 62
14 Bar Chart Depicting Administrative Sluggishness and Excessive Bureaucracy
are Reduced Through the Use of e-Administrative 63
Figure Page
15 Bar Chart Depicting Customers Crowd in the Office Has Decreased Due to the
Use of ICT 64
16 Bar Chart Depicting Service Provided and the Use of internet Facilities in
Local Government 65
17 Bar Chart Depicting e-payment Ensuring Transparency and Accountability 66
18 Bar Chart Depicting Receipt Payment and Local Government 67
19 Bar Chart Depicting Easy Access to Government Information and Accountability
and Transparency in Local Government 68
20 Bar Chart Depicting ICT and Ghost Workers in Local Government 69
21 Bar Chart Depicting e-governance and Procedure Fairness and
Accountability in Local government 70
22 Bar Chart depicting the Difference Between Internally Generated Revenue
Beforeand After the Introduction of ICT 71
LIST OF APPENDICES
Appendix Page
I Informed Consent Form 99
II In-Depth Interview Guide 100
III Questionnaire 101
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background to the Study
David is the biblical man for all seasons, the most complex and many-sided human character in the bible. He was variously shepherd, fugitive, politician, king, poet, musician, prophet, warrior and so many attributes. The role in which David is best known to the Western imagination is that of ‘boy hero and giant killer’. When he killed Goliath, he became an instant public hero, a civic liberator providing possible inspiration for fictional heroes, following in wake from Beowulf to Jack of the beanstalk (1Samuel17: 1-58). This victory by the boy David can be liken to the introduction of Information Communication Technology in curbing or minimizing corruption and so many social vices in both private and public services.
The current use of the internet, digital connectivity, the explosion and use of e-commerce and e-business models to enhance efficiency in the private sector is pressuring the public sector to rethink hierarchical, bureaucratic organizational models (Ndou, 2004:30-46). Moreover, the increasing expectation of Nigerians and the pressured effective service delivery of the private sector are pressing the bureaucracy to be time responsive. As a result, the 21st century has experienced a shift in the role of government. Unlike before, the government’s role has been redefined to empower rather than serve the customer, shift from hierarchy to teamwork and participation, and be mission-oriented and customer-focused, and to enhance with prevention rather than cure (Osborne&Gaebler, 1992).
In the early 1980s, the need to reform the bureaucracy became imperative all overthe globe. Consequently, the governments of developed and developing countries are faced with the challenge of transformation and the need to modernize administrative practices and management systems (Tapscott, 1996:60-66). In this regard, Information and CommunicationTechnology (ICT) is seen as a tool to support the work of governmental institutions and agencies with the objectives of delivering public services and information in a more convenient, citizen-centric way and to curb corrupt practices. In other words, Information and Communication can be an effective tool to ensure increased accessibility, inclusivity and flexibility of government services.
The Federal Government of Nigeria has recognized the importance of ICT for making service delivery prompt and effective. It has introduced ICT tools such as online payment of salaries and wages, accounting package, advertisement of vacancies and so on in different public offices. As a matter of fact, when the National Information Technology Policy was approved to guide the ICT project in Nigeria, this was followed by the enactment of the National Information Technology Development Agency Act 2007, which provided the legal platform for the creation of the National Information Technology Development Agency (NITDA).
Lagos State Government in an effort to align with the Federal Government NITDA policy, decided to have strategic partnership between herself and the UK Department for International Development (DFID) through State Partnership for Accountability, Responsiveness and Capacity (SPARC) program and related bilateral and multilateral aid which aims at bringing about reform that will position Lagos State in terms of its vision of Lagos becoming a mega city with world class ICT infrastructure, comparable to that of any other mega city in the world. Lagos State Government recognizes the necessity for competence in ICT. Therefore, in May, 2011it Established Public Service Management ICT subgroup to guide the conception, design and implementation, applicable, development of ICT in the state .The Lagos State Government ICT Policy according to the state website design assured that “The relationships between people, process and technology is effectively managed by the singular most important document – the Policy which ensures business process alignment between the different aspects of any organization. An ICT Policy for Lagos State is therefore the most important outstanding document that will effectively guide how to manage ICT infrastructure and continuously align the acquisition and use of ICT resources with the States strategy. The policy document will define the course or method of action to guide and determine present and future decisions. If well implemented, the ICT Policy will ensure the establishment of guidelines and procedures for the acquisition, deployment, usage, and retirement of Information and Communication Technology resources in Lagos State government Ministries, Department and Agencies. It will also ensure the safety and security of Information Communication Technology resources within the State government from both internal and external threats” (Lagos ICT, 2011).