INVESTIGATION INTO EFFECTS OF ETHNOSCIENCE BASED INSTRUCTIONAL MODEL ON STUDENTS’ ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT AND BIOLOGY
ABSTRACT
This study was designed and conducted to determine the effects of ethnoscience-based instructional model (ESBIM) on students’ academic achievement and interest in Senior Secondary Biology. The study employed a non equivalent control group quasi-experimental design. The sample for this study comprised of two hundred and twenty three SSI Biology Student. The study was conducted in six government co-education secondary schools in Nsukka Education Zone of Enugu State. The schools were drawn through a stratified random sampling. In each school, one intact class was drawn for the study through a simple random sampling making a total of six intact classes. Out of the six schools, three schools were assigned to the experimental group while the remaining three schools were assigned to the control group. The experimental group was taught Biology using the ethnoscience based instructional model while the control group was taught Biology using the lecture method. Two instruments Biology Achievement Test (BAT) and Biology interest scale (BIS) were constructed and validated and reliability of internal consistency and stability were established (0.96 and 0.835 respectively) before using them for data collection. The BIS and BAT were used to collect data for students’ Achievement and interest respectively. The research questions were answered using mean and standard deviation while the hypotheses were tested at (P<0.05) using analysis of covariance (ANCOVA). The result revealed that the ethnoscience based instructional model is superior to the lecture method in fostering interest and achievement among the students. The study also revealed that the use of ethnoscience based instructional model does not show any significant difference in the achievement and interest of male and female students. Thus the use of ESBIM will not only help arrest the problem of male being regarded as high achiever, in science-related courses but will also encourage the female students to enroll in such courses. Based on these, some recommendations were made which include; that seminars and workshops should be organized by government and relevant professional bodies like STAN to educate and sensitize the teachers on the proper use of the model (ESBIM). An urgent curriculum review to reflect the Nigerian culture and environment in secondary school curriculum was also recommended.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Title Page i
Dedication ii
Acknowledgments iii
Abstract iv
Table of Contents v
CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION
Background of the Study 1
Statement of the Problem 8
Purpose of the Study 9
Significance of the Study 10
Scope of the Study 12
Research Questions 13
Hypotheses 13
CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW
Conceptual Framework 16
Concept of Ethnoscience 16
Concept of Interest 21
Concept of Achievement 24
Concept of Gender 26
Lecture Method 27
Theoretical Framework 28
Cognitive Learning Theories of Piaget and Ausbel Learning Theory 28
Review of Empirical Studies 31
Studies on Ethnoscience 31
Studies on Interest and Biology Achievement 37
Studies on Gender and Biology Achievement 41
Summary of Literature Review 44
CHAPTER THREE: RESEARCH METHOD
Research Design 47
Area of the Study 48
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Population of the Study 48
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Sample and Sampling Techniques 49
Instruments for Data Collection 49
Validation of Instrument 50
Reliability of Instrument 50
Control of Extraneous Variables 51
Experimental Procedures 53
Method of Data Collection 54
Method of Data Analysis 54
CHAPTER FOUR: PRESENTATION OF RESULTS
Research Question One 55
Research Question Two 55
Research Question Three 56
Research Question Four 57
Research Question Five 58
Research Question Six 58
Hypothesis One 59
Hypothesis Two 60
Hypothesis Three 60
Hypothesis Four 60
Hypothesis Five 61
Hypothesis Six 61
Summary of Major Findings 62
CHAPTER FIVE: DISCUSSION, CONCLUSION AND SUMMARY
Discussion of Findings 63
Conclusion Reached from the Findings of the Study 67
Educational Implications of the Findings 67
Recommendation 69
Limitation of the Study 69
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Suggestion for further Study 70
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Summary of the Study 70
REFERENCES
APPENDICES